Chapter 13 - By-products of hemp from a nutritional point of view: new perspectives and opportunities

Abstract

The hemp plant (Cannabis sativa L.) is one of the most cultivated plants in all of history. Hemp seeds (HSs), flowers, and leaves are an important source of food, fiber, textiles, medical products, cosmetics, and many others. HS protein is tasty (it has a nutty flavor) and is wholesome as it contains all the essential amino acids (which are often lacking in plant products). HSs have been called superfoods due to their ideal ratio of omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acids for human consumption (3:1) and unique amino acid profile, making them an excellent source of food. As a source of plant food, hemps, HS oil, and HS meal are a rich source of protein, polyunsaturated fatty acids, vitamins, and minerals. The valorization of food waste and secondary agroindustrial byproducts is an important part of the economy. In the case of multifunctional industrial crops such as hemp, this can contribute to providing a livelihood for people, meeting their needs without degrading natural resources.