Abstract
Low temperature is one of the most important abiotic stress factors for crop plants. It has been frequently observed that supplementation of plants with Si as seed soaking, leaf spray, or root treatment alleviates the adverse effects of chilling stress and reduces frost damage in both Si-accumulator and nonaccumulator species. Mechanisms for the effect of Si are related to both the increased structural strength of the cell wall and the biochemical adaptations to stress including exacerbation of antioxidant defense system and synthesis and accumulation of cryo-protecting molecules in parallel with the modifications in the endogenous levels of phytohormones. Si also influences the biophysical and biochemical properties of the leaf apoplast and substitutes for the cold acclimation process and increases resistance to frost damage.
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