Chapter 12 - Nanomaterials and Its Application for Clean Environment

Abstract

The increasing demand of safe and clean water pushes scientists to develop advanced treatment techniques to overcome the water scarcity problem. Scientists have developed different nanomaterials for the treatment of contaminated water. Nanomaterials play an important role in environmental remediation. Nanotechnology is an emerging technology in the field of wastewater treatment, and it effectively destroys/removes most of the recalcitrant organic pollutants and toxic compounds from wastewater. In this book chapter, the application of nanomaterials such as nanoadsorbents, namely bentonite nanoclay, polymer nanocomposite hydrogels, nanophotocatalysts such as bentonite nanoclay–TiO2, and titanium dioxide coupled with ultrasound/hydrodynamic cavitation is reported with few case studies for the removal of various organic pollutants such as dyes (crystal violet and basic methylene blue dye [CI 52015]) and phenol from wastewater. This book chapter also provides the basic knowledge to readers about the synthesis of different nanomaterials and their application in the field of wastewater treatment. The application of new ultrasound/sonochemical method for synthesis of nanomaterials was also reported.