Abstract
Microalgae are an encouraging alternative energy source for the future due to their high growth rate, cultivation potential in a wastewater environment, and higher heating value (HHV). However, nowadays, only the properties of pure microalgae species that disregard coagulants used at the harvesting stage are known. Besides, the process of harvesting in itself is still a challenge. This study hypothesized that microalgae biomass from wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) could be a promising feedstock for thermal gasification. An analysis from harvest to gasification challenges is carried out based on the microalgae thermochemical characteristics evaluated through kinetic and heat transfer governed processes. For that, various microalgae properties are assessed by calorific value (low and high heating value), ultimate (C, H, N, S, and O), and proximate (moisture, ash, volatile, and fixed carbon), and thermogravimetric analysis. Then these analysts are used to guide the interpretation of the gasification results in a downdraft gasifier. The biomass microalgae's chemical and thermochemical characteristics were discussed, including the relationship between coagulants for harvest and their effect on the syngas obtained. In the chapter, the advantages and disadvantages pointed out were summarized in the conclusion section, bringing out the technological limitations.
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