Abstract
Nucleic acid-based therapy shows excellent potential in the treatment of various diseases, which are strenuous to cure. However, the rapid degradation of naked therapeutic genes by nuclease enzyme reduces its transfection efficiency. Wide varieties of viral and nonviral vectors have been developed to upgrade the efficiency and stability of gene delivery. Among nonviral vectors, cationic liposome-DNA complexes gained widespread clinical appreciation. It can safely and effectively deliver genetic materials, including DNA, siRNA, miRNA, and oligonucleotides to the target site. Low immunogenicity, ease of preparation and the apparent safety of cationic liposomes demonstrate their tremendous role in delivering the nucleic acids for therapeutic purposes. Cationic liposomes exhibited a great advantage with their biodegradable nature along with high biocompatibility and low cytotoxicity. This chapter highlights various nucleic acid-based cationic liposomes as a potential bionanomaterial and its recent progress in the application of therapeutic nucleic acid delivery.
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