Abstract
Recently, extensive works on pretreating lignocellulosic biomass have been conducted to utilize the structural properties of lignin for the development of products, such as lignin nanoparticle-based polymers, lignin nanoparticle-based carbon fiber, and lignin nanoparticle-fiber composite materials. However, lignocellulosic materials are naturally recalcitrant against degradation due to their heterogeneous, complex, and rigid structures. Various pretreatment methods have been developed to break down these complex bionanomaterials into smaller and simpler components or possibly convert them into value-added products. Among the pretreatment techniques, the biological method for lignin depolymerization has gained great attention over the years due to its distinct and more eco-friendly advantages over physical and chemical pretreatment strategies, such as low energy demand, low disposal cost, mild operating conditions, and minimal chemical requirement. Thus this chapter highlights the current trends in lignin nanoparticle depolymerization approach, focusing on microbial lignin degradation, optimization, and its biomedical applications.
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