Abstract
Ocular medication distribution is the most difficult task for today’s pharmacologist and composition researcher. The most practical and patient-friendly form of medication delivery, particularly for the therapy of ocular surface illnesses, is via contact EDs (eye drops). Different precorneal, static, and dynamic ocular restrictions limit medication delivery to the specific ocular surface. Furthermore, therapeutic medication levels in tumor sites are not sustained for extended periods. Over the last 20 years, ocular drug delivery study has surged towards the development of innovative, safe, and patient-friendly formulations and therapeutic agents’ equipment that may overcome these obstacles and sustain drug concentration in tissues. Modulation of traditional topical treatments with permeability and viscosity modifiers has resulted in breakthroughs in anterior segment medication delivery. It also encompasses the creation of traditional pharmaceutical applications, including ointments, suspensions, and emulsions. Different inorganic materials for ocular surface ophthalmic medication delivery have also been produced. For posterior ophthalmic administration, however, research has been heavily concentrated on the creation of drug-releasing technologies and nanoformulations for managing severe retinal disorders. These innovative technologies and/or compositions may aid in overcoming ocular boundaries and the related negative impacts related to traditional topical drops. Furthermore, these innovative technologies and/or compositions are straightforward to make, have no/minimal irritation, have a long ocular surface lifespan, maintain the release of drugs, and improve the biocompatibility of medicines. A contemporary study of improvements in ocular medication delivery is necessary to assist drugs researchers in modulating their thought process and developing unique and safe DDSs (drug delivery systems). This chapter will cover in detail ophthalmic pathway DDSs, delivery methods inspired by nanotechnology, liposomes, and formulations for topical topicals.
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