Chapter 11 - Mitigation Tools

Abstract

This chapter describes some of the many hazard mitigation tools and map products that communities can use to reduce risks from natural and manmade hazards. The Map Modernization (Map Mod) and Risk Mapping, Assessment, and Planning (Risk MAP) programs of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) deliver quality flood-mapping products. These are risk assessment tools that are great resources for communities to conduct flood hazard analysis and risk assessment. The Benefit-Cost Analysis (BCA) Tool can be used to conduct a benefit-cost analysis (BCA), which is now required by FEMA for Hazard Mitigation Assistance (HMA) grants to validate the cost effectiveness of the mitigation projects. The CAMEO software suite assists first responders and emergency planners to get key information quickly during chemical emergencies. Using CAMEO and its software applications, they can access, store, and evaluate critical information for developing emergency plans. For instance, the Areal Locations of Hazardous Atmospheres (ALOHA) application can predict threat zones associated with hazardous chemical release. The Digital Coast developed by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) is an excellent online repository for coastal communities to assess risks and make informed decisions about using coastal resources. The Earthquake Hazards Program of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) provides real-time and historic earthquake data, as well as tools such as Open Seismic Hazard Analysis (OpenSHA) that are great resources for communities in earthquake-prone areas. The chapter also discusses the role of geographic information systems (GIS) in hazard mitigation, especially the use of the Hazus-MH software in the risk assessment process. Finally, the chapter provides step-by-step tutorials that will help develop skills of using the Hazus-MH software with Level 1 expertise.