Abstract
The large voids formed by single nets are empty and can be filled with one or more additional nets besides solvent molecules and counter ions. To be classified as interpenetrating, these nets should not be able to separate without breaking any bonds. Depending on the constituting molecules the interpenetrated nets are entwined together, located in the complimentary voids of the other net or a combination of both. Depending on the number of networks in the complete structure, they are classified as N fold networks where N is two or more. The nomenclature of interpenetration in order to understand the “topology of interpenetration” and the complete crystal structure is discussed to avoid interpenetration. The proposed strategies to control interpenetration to provide additional stability to the net and to give the structure a larger surface area are density of nets, lengths and thickness of links, size of counter ion, analysis of the voids within net and specially designed ligands. The interpenetration is classified in to six different classes based on Cambridge structural database for covalent or coordination nets that interpenetrate using the TOPOS software package.
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