Abstract
Inherent safety practices rely on emergency shutdown capability as a prime facet in achieving a low risk facility. This chapter defines these systems and their objectives (i.e., revert to a safe state, prevent inadvertent reactivation, and prevent start until cause is determined). Their design features are also described, which includes activation mechanisms (control room, unit, hardware and fire and safety system action), levels of shutdown (plant, unit, process train, and individual equipment), reliability and fail safe logic (SIL levels, failure modes), ESD/DCS interfaces, activation points, activation hardware features, isolation valve requirements, isolation valve features, subsea isolation valves, protection requirements, and system interactions.
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