Abstract
Plant annexins are soluble proteins characterized by Ca2+-dependent as well as Ca2+-independent binding to cellular membranes. The membrane attachment or insertion of annexin proteins is dynamic and subject to environmental change. These proteins are ubiquitously occurring throughout the plant kingdom and are variably distributed across the cell. Plant annexins, although sharing striking similarities with animal annexins, are also different from them in various structural and functional aspects. The activity of annexins is modulated by several factors such as cellular locale, developmental stage, and posttranslational modifications. Annexins are multifaceted proteins having role in phosphodiesterase activity, binding to F-actin, Golgi-mediated secretion, reactive oxygen species signaling, and cation channel activity. Their role is implicated in stress signaling and adaptation to low temperature, osmotic, salinity and oxidative stress, and abscisic acid signaling. Herein, an overview of plant annexins describes their distribution, structural aspects, and their various functions in context of signaling, enzymatic responses, and stress adaptation.
Published Version
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