Abstract

The chapter opens with a description of the possible benefits to control or modification programs of resolving the molecular basis of sex determination in arthropods. This is followed by a discussion on the costs and advantages of sexual reproduction and the determination of sex involving soma and germ-line tissues. It continues with focus on Drosophila melanogaster. There are sections on intraspecific variability, environmental effects and hybrid sterility. This is followed by a detailed look at sex ratios, meiotic drive, and the cytoplasmically transmitted organisms which can distort sex ratios, including spiroplasma, L-form bacteria, rickettsia, and wolbachia. The chapter concludes with a discussion of possible applications in genetic control or improvement.

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