Abstract
Over the decades, ionic liquids (ILs) were a prime requisite for purifying bioactive components from natural products and a much-focused area of attention for researchers. Their main focus was to extract bioactive compounds with higher extraction efficiencies. The bioactive compounds may include proteins, nucleic acids, amino acids, other hydrophobic compounds, and a broad range of pharmaceutical ingredients of interest like flavonoids, alkaloids, polysaccharides, lipids, etc. There are quite a few techniques where ILs are used, that is, liquid–liquid extractions, solid–liquid extractions, and crystallization. The principal purpose of this study was to shed significant light on the IL’s role in the extraction of critical bioactive constituents from medicinal plants for pharmacological activities, and applied techniques in improving extraction efficiency, and some suggestions to overcome the current limitations.
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