Abstract
This chapter provides background information on the use of nonwood fiber in pulp and paper. Nonwood fiber is increasingly being used worldwide as a fiber source for papermaking. Annual plants have been used since the early 1800s, except for cotton. Straw has traditionally been pulped by boiling solutions of lime for board grades of paper; this led to a bright yellow pulp. Sodium hydroxide was used to make bleachable grades of pulp and board grades. The soda anthraquinone (AQ) method is replacing the soda method, and the results of the soda/AQ for straw are said to be similar to those for kraft pulping of straw. Other methods of pulping include neutral sulfite and chlorine systems. Both ash and silica interfere with the pulping of many nonwood fibers. The cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, and extractive contents are fundamental to pulping.
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