Abstract
Various genetic markers can be measured to determine the possibility of alcohol dependence in an individual. These markers include polymorphism of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH1B*2, ADH1B*3, etc.), aldehyde dehydrogenase enzymes responsible for alcohol metabolism, acetylcholine, glutamate, neuropeptide Y, and ACN9, as well as dopamine, GABA, and opioid receptors. These markers are discussed in this chapter, with an emphasis on the methods currently available for their measurement in a clinical laboratory.
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