Abstract
Cyanobacteria are pioneer microbes that evolved more than 2 billion years ago. They converted the otherwise anoxygenic surroundings on earth into oxygenic surroundings, which paved the way for biotic diversification and laid the foundation of mankind. The increased greed of humans for comfort at the price of harming nature has resulted in global warming and elevated CO2 levels. The consequences of global warming are multifaceted; affecting the sea, land, air, and micro- and macroflora and fauna. Considering the ecophysiological ability of cyanobacteria, in terms of adaptability to varying temperature gradients, gas vesicle formation, heterocyst and akinete formation, nitrogen fixing ability, and photosynthetic flexibility, they are fit to dominate and outcompete other microbial populations under the global climate change scenario.
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