Chapter 10 - Acute-Phase Proteins and Inflammation: Immunological and Clinical Implications

Abstract

This chapter discusses the pathophysiological sequences of acute-phase response (APR), the biochemical and functional characteristics of two major acute-phase proteins in humans, and methods commonly used to measure the acute-phase response. The chapter reviews recent data implicating a pivotal role of acute-phase proteins in cardiovascular disease. APR refers to a wide range of neuroendocrinal, physiological, and metabolic changes that are initiated immediately after a tissue is afflicted with an infection or injury. At times, intense physical exercise or psychological stress can also induce mild to moderate APR-like changes. Such changes may take place locally or systemically. While the APR may first be involved in initiating and amplifying tissue inflammation, this complex response can ultimately aid in attenuating and resolving inflammation. Normally, the APR is elicited within a few hours after the initial insult and the majority of the response subsides over a period of 24–72 h.