Chapter 1 - Scalable synthesis of 2D materials

Abstract

The large-scale synthesis of 2D monolayer and few-layer films is critically important for the development of device technologies based on these materials. This chapter presents the current status of scalable synthesis techniques for prominent 2D materials, including graphene, transition metal dichalcogenides, and hexagonal boron nitride. Exfoliation methods used to produce large quantities of graphene for inkjet printing are presented. Vapor phase deposition approaches for synthesizing large-scale single-crystalline films are discussed in detail. Critical parameters and their impact on synthesis, such as precursor choice, flux control, and substrate properties, have been examined. In addition to composition control, multi-step strategies developed to achieve coalescence of 2D domains over large areas have also been illustrated. The challenges and opportunities of these techniques have been highlighted.