Abstract
Biomass pyrolysis involves breakdown of biodegradable materials at a high temperature without fully burning them. Pyrolysis output products include pyrolysis oil and noncondensable gas. Biomass pyrolysis is a feasible resource for producing bio-oil and value-added chemicals. This chapter covers the basic physics and mechanisms of lignocellulose biomass pyrolysis. First, components present in the lignocellulose biomass were discussed briefly. The different types of pyrolysis reactors for efficient bio-oil production were then addressed. In addition, the mechanism involved in the pyrolysis of lignin, hemicellulose, and cellulose was discussed and different reactor configurations, such as rotating cone reactor, auger reactor, ablative plate reactor, fluidized-bed reactor, and circulating fluidized-bed reactor, are explained. Finally, various upgradation techniques for pyrolyzed bio-oil, such as catalytic cracking, hydrodeoxygenation, esterification, steam reforming, and supercritical fluids, are discussed briefly. This chapter helps to understand the fundamental concepts in biomass pyrolysis technology.
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