Abstract
A solid body will deform under an external load. When the external load exceeds a limit, even after the load is removed, the deformation will not be completely recovered. This permanent deformation is known as plastic deformation. This chapter introduces the basic plastic properties of metallic materials, based on the stress–strain curves obtained from unidirectional tension/compression tests. The microscale structure of metallic materials and the physical mechanism of plastic deformation are briefly illustrated to facilitate the understanding of the experimental observations of metallic materials. Plastic instability during uniaxial tension is briefly discussed also. In accordance with the simplified assumptions on the plastic behavior of materials, a few idealized models for the stress–strain relationship are described.
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