Abstract
A review is presented on the nucleation and growth process in film formation on a solid surface by wet chemical methods. The relationships between the proximity of the constituent grains, energy barrier, thermodynamics of adsorption, and deposition modes, temperature, time, and kinetics of growth are presented. The evolution begins with the nucleation of individual grains, which grow by merging the boundary and by oriented attachment mechanism. Growth of particles gives rise to the texture, crystalline feature, and microstructure and determines the overall bulk properties of the film, such as hardness and mechanical strength, conductivity, and optical properties. In this chapter, the nucleation and growth of oxides, metals, and binary compounds are described. Discussion on the spin-coated, or dip-coated, electrodeposited, and solvothermal−/hydrothermal-assisted film growths is included and the related nucleation mechanism is analyzed. This chapter also presents case studies and explains the growth of crystal morphology and film thickness.
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