Abstract
The lungs incorporate the parenchyma, vasculature, bronchial tree (trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles), and a network of investing connective tissue that supports and connects the structures to one another. The human lungs are a pair of large spongy organs for gas exchange between our blood and the air. The lungs are covered by a serous membrane called the visceral pleura, and the surrounding cavity formed between the lungs and the surrounding chest wall and mediastinum, covered by parietal pleura, is called the pleural cavity. Understanding diseases of the chest requires the radiologist to have a sound knowledge of the normal lung anatomy. This chapter describes the gross and radiologic anatomy of the lungs. Although imaging with computed tomography is commonplace, most chest imaging is still done with plain chest radiography.
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