Abstract
Ionic liquids are relatively novel liquids that have unique properties, such as extremely low vapor pressure and good thermal and chemical properties. Besides presenting in the liquid state in a wide temperature range, the chemical structure and physical, chemical, and physicochemical properties of ionic liquids can be easily manipulated. In addition, because some ionic liquids have high and selective CO2 absorbability, they have attracted considerable interest as a material of CO2 separation membrane. Many efforts have been made to control the absorbability and diffusivity of CO2 in ionic liquids and to develop effective ionic liquids for CO2 separation membrane with high CO2 permeability. In addition, several types of ionic liquid–based CO2 separation membranes, such as supported ionic liquid membranes, polymerized ionic liquid membranes, and gel membranes with a large ionic liquid content, have been proposed and developed. Furthermore, by introducing a CO2-reactive functional group in an ionic liquid molecule, novel facilitated-transport membranes having the designed ionic liquid as a CO2 carrier have been developed. This chapter outlines the design criteria of an ionic liquid for the material of CO2 separation membrane, the characteristics of several types of ionic liquid–based membrane, and the CO2 separation performance of facilitated-transport membrane containing an ionic liquid–based CO2 carrier.
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