Abstract
The environment provides substances and energy for the survival of humans and other organisms. When human activity is excessive and exceeds the regulatory role and buffer capacity of the environment, changes in the structure and composition of the environment and decline in ecological functions take place. In this chapter the concepts of the environment and environmental pollution are first introduced, and properties and categories of environmental pollutants are summarized. Then characteristics and development trends of modern environmental analytical chemistry are covered, followed by description of green analytical chemistry, trace analysis fundamentals, and common instrumental analytical techniques and methods in environmental fields, including gas chromatography (GC), two-dimensional GC, high-performance liquid chromatography, ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography, mass spectrometry and hyphenated techniques. Finally, nontarget analysis and isotopic tracer technology are presented.
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