Abstract

A quarter of century has passed since the discovery of the first Sox gene, SRY/Sry. Shortly afterward, many related Sox genes encoding SOX family transcription factors were identified. The importance of their role in development and diseases has attracted growing attention. Among the Sox transcription factor genes, the role of Sox2 has been highlighted mostly for its involvement in early developmental processes and organogenesis, and in particular for its central role in regulating a wide spectrum of stem cells. A historical overview is provided here concerning how molecular actions of SOX2 have been clarified to account for its participation in a wide range of biological processes.

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