Abstract
Presently, the most challenging issue is the elimination of contaminants existing in polluted water due to their adverse effect on human health and environment. Photocatalysis is one of the best, renewable, and green approach that remedies the water pollution problems. It has gained momentum since water splitting by Fujishima and Honda under UV irradiation, and remarkable progress has been made with the assistance of nanotechnology to resolve energy and pollution problems. Interestingly, its simplicity and low cost make it suitable and affordable for practical application in water purification. Chapter 1 describes the basic mechanism of heterogenous photocatalysis, degradation of toxic pollutants, and principles of semiconductor-based heterogeneous photocatalysis. Further, reactions, that is, generation of charge carriers, recombination losses, and degradation of pollutants, under illumination of solar light have been described in detail. The parameters required for efficient photocatalysts, such as optimum band gap energy, rapid transportation of photoelectrons, suitable band positions, and intrinsic electron mobility, have been summarized. Hence, this chapter consists of fundamental details about heterogeneous photocatalysis.
Published Version
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