Abstract
The sacroiliac joint (SIJ), the largest axial spinal joint in the body, possesses a small degree of rotational and translational movement. Iliac articulation is made of fibrocartilage rather than hyaline cartilage. This joint is supported by various ligaments, including the anterior sacroiliac ligament, posterior sacroiliac ligament, sacrospinous ligament, sacrotuberous ligament, and interosseous ligament, and various muscles, including the gluteus maximus, gluteus medius, piriformis, biceps femoris, and latissimus dorsi via thoracolumbar fascia and erector spinae. The innervation of the SIJ remains controversial. The structure and tightness of the fibrous apparatus result in limited mobility. The SIJ supports stability and weight bearing of the upper body.
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