Abstract
To date, homocysteine has been found to be an important biomarker of bronchopulmonary pathology, including COPD. The increase in its concentration in the blood plasma causes the start of free radical processes and the production of reactive oxygen species, which activate lipid peroxidation in lung tissue. In addition, the activation of endoplasmic reticulum stress with increasing homocysteine levels is the main reason for triggering apoptosis of alveolocytes. The aim of the research is to study the features of lungs histostructure in old rats under conditions of hyperhomocysteinemia. The experimental study was performed on 20 white nonlinear old (24-26 months) male rats. During the experiment, the animals were divided into two groups – control and experimental. Simulation of the state of persistent hyperhomocysteinemia was achieved by administering to rats of experimental group thiolactone homocysteine at a dose of 200 mg/kg body weight intragastrally for 60 days. Histological specimens were studied using an SEO CCAN light microscope and photo-documented using a Vision CCD Camera with an image output system from histological specimens. In elderly animals under conditions of experimental hyperhomocysteinemia develop severe destructive-degenerative changes in the lungs. Significant remodeling of the vascular bed, bronchi, inflammatory manifestations, enlargement of dis- and atelectasis and emphysematically altered alveoli of the respiratory lungs, violation of the alveolar walls, with the release of blood cells into the alveolar space and the formation of small diapedetic hemorrhages. The development of perivascular, peribronchial and interstitial sclerosis is characteristic.
Highlights
Homocysteine is a natural metabolite formed from the amino acid methionine
Increased homocysteine concentration occurs when the synthesis of methionine and cysteine, which develops due to deficiency of vitamins B6, B9 and B12, as well as genetic polymorphism of certain enzymes - methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase, cystathionine-β-synthase [4, 9, 13, 17]
The aim of the research is to study the features of the histostructure of the lungs of old rats under conditions of hyperhomocysteinemia
Summary
Homocysteine is a natural metabolite formed from the amino acid methionine. Under normal conditions, its level in blood plasma is about 5-15 μmol/l [15]. Disorders of homocysteine metabolism, characterized by an increase in its concentration above 15 μmol/l, causes the development of hyperhomocysteinemia syndrome. The latter, according to the literature, is closely correlated with pathologies of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems, thrombotic complications, neurodegenerative processes, etc. Increase in level of homocysteine in blood, in the specified conditions, can be both the reason, and a consequence of the listed pathological states. Increased homocysteine concentration occurs when the synthesis of methionine and cysteine, which develops due to deficiency of vitamins B6, B9 and B12, as well as genetic polymorphism of certain enzymes - methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase, cystathionine-β-synthase [4, 9, 13, 17]
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