Changes in the cellular composition of blood, phagocytic function of neutrophils in patients with acute coronary syndrome

Abstract

The aim of this study was to determine changes in the cellular composition of the neutrophil blood, the phagocytic function in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS), who underwent coronary artery (CA) stenting. We examined 40 patients with acute coronary syndrome aged 40 to 65 years (mean age 52.58±6.82), who immediately after admission or within the next 72 hours, depending on the clinical situation, underwent coronary angiography and implanted stents with drug Xience Alpine finish. The control group consisted of 30 healthy men who had no contact with harmful production factors, and in whom no clinical, laboratory and instrumental deviations from the norm were detected during medical examinations. Complete blood count (25 parameters: leukocyte, erythrocyte, and platelet hematopoietic sprouts), quantitative and qualitative composition of hematopoietic sprouts was performed by a standardized method on a Medonic M20 hematological analyzer (Sweden). Evaluation of neutrophil phagocytic activity of latex particles with a diameter of 1.7 μm by neutrophils (phagocytosis activity, phagocytosis intensity, phagocytosis number), spontaneous and induced neutrophil HBT activity were recorded by a morphological method (light microscopy using Olimpus microscopes (Japan). Conventional methods were used to assess the functional activity of phagocytes. In patients with ACS, compared to the control group, leukocytosis was observed (10.34±0.764, p<0.001), a relative increase in the number of stab and segmented neutrophils in % (4.98±0.736, p<0.05 and 61.09±1.908, p<0.001, respectively), absolute number of granulocytes -7.30±0.711×10⁹/l (p<0.001), absolute increase in monocytes — 0.92±0.093 (p<0.05). Decreased percentage of lymphocytes -22.43±2.013 (p<0.001). The index of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio was 2.95 in the examined patients. rophils in % (38.55±3.230 — ACS, 50.6±3.44 — control, p<0.05), but higher NST induced activity in % (59.73±2.936 versus 39.4±1.51 , respectively, p<0.001) and the index of NBT-induced cell activity (0.90±0.065 vs. 0.63±0.031, respectively, p<0.001). These data indicate the severity of the process and characterize the exacerbation of inflammation in these patients against the background of a decrease in the immune activity of the phagocytic link.