Abstract
Surface stress varies during underpotential deposition (UPD) of metal atoms on foreign metal electrodes in electrolyte solutions containing the corresponding metallic cations. The definition of UPD, the relationship between UPD and work function, and the equilibrium potential of UPD are explained to understand the UPD phenomena. The typical results of the changes in surface stress induced by the formation and structural changes of various UPD layers on a (111)-textured Au thin-film electrode are exemplified, and the main UPD factors influencing the changes in surface stress are discussed. As a result, the bonding of UPD atom with substrate atom and the lattice mismatch between UPD and substrate atoms are listed as important factors influencing the changes in surface stress. Surface alloying/dealloying processes are often involved in structural changes of UPD layers. The changes in surface stress due to surface alloying are also discussed from the energetics viewpoint of UPD layers.
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