Abstract
Nanoparticulate materials displaying enzyme-like properties, so-called nanozymes, are explored as substitutes for natural enzymes in several industrial, energy-related, and biomedical applications. Outstanding high stability, enhanced catalytic activities, low cost, and availability at industrial scale are some of the fascinating features of nanozymes. Furthermore, nanozymes can also be equipped with the unique attributes of nanomaterials such as magnetic or optical properties. Due to the impressive development of nanozymes during the last decade, their potential in the context of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine also started to be explored. To highlight the progress, in this review, we discuss the two most representative nanozymes, namely, cerium- and iron-oxide nanomaterials, since they are the most widely studied. Special focus is placed on their applications ranging from cardioprotection to therapeutic angiogenesis, bone tissue engineering, and wound healing. Finally, current challenges and future directions are discussed.
Highlights
Over the past three decades, research efforts focused on mimicking the functionality and structural properties of biological enzymes [1]
The results showed the highest number of alkaline phosphatase (ALP)-positive cells for human MSCs (hMSCs) cultured on Cerium-oxide nanoparticles nanoparticles (CO-NPs)-containing scaffolds, suggesting the highest hMSC differentiation
The results showed an increase in vascular to endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression for mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) cultured onto the CO-NP-containing scaffolds which would, in turn, result in augmented endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) growth and differentiation
Summary
Over the past three decades, research efforts focused on mimicking the functionality and structural properties of biological enzymes [1]. Despite steric information of native enzymes has less relevance a wide range of nanomaterials including carbon, metal, and metal oxide reporting catalytic activities are mainly and biomedicine [1,4], with theof latter [22], Nanozymes mainly metal oxides areemployed exploredininenvironmental the context of science regenerative medicine. Nanozymes are employed in the tissue engineering and regenerative medicine field with particular emphasis on cardioprotection, angiogenesis, bone bone tissue tissue engineering, engineering, and and wound wound healing They are areemployed employedasasnanoparticle nanoparticle (NPs) solutions or labeling agents for several mammalian cell (NPs) solutions or labeling agents for several mammalian cell lines, lines, or incorporated scaffolds as networks fibrous networks or composites.
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