Abstract
Luojia-1A is a scientific experimental satellite operated by Wuhan University, which is the first low earth orbiter (LEO) navigation signal augmentation experimental satellite. The precise orbit is the prerequisite of augmenting existing Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) performance and improves users’ positioning accuracy. Meanwhile, LEO precise orbit determination (POD) with BeiDou-2 observations is particularly challenging since it only provides regional service. In this study, we investigated the method of precise orbit determination (POD) for Luojia-1A satellite with the onboard BeiDou observation to establish the high-precision spatial datum for the LEO navigation augmentation (LEO-NA) system. The multipath characteristic of the BeiDou System (BDS) observations from Luojia-1A satellite is analyzed, and the elevation-dependent BeiDou code bias is estimated with the LEO onboard observations. A weight reduction strategy is adopted to mitigate the negative effect of poor BeiDou-2 geostationary earth orbit (GEO) satellites orbit quality, and the Luojia-1A orbit precision can be improved from 6.3 cm to 2.3 cm with the GEO weighting strategy. The precision improvement of the radial direction, along-track, and out-of-plane directions are 53.47%, 47.29%, and 76.2%, respectively. Besides, tuning the pseudo-stochastic parameters is also beneficial for improving orbit precision. The experiment results indicate that about 2 cm overlapping orbit accuracy are achievable with BeiDou observations from Luojia-1A satellite if proper data processing strategies are applied.
Highlights
Low-Earth-Obiter (LEO) satellites have been used widely for space applications such as gravity field measurement, high-resolution images, synthetic-aperture laser radar, and Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) radio occultation [1,2,3]
Some research has demonstrated that the LEO satellite signal augmentation method can dramatically reduce the convergence time of Precise Point Positioning (PPP) [8] as well as long-baseline real-time kinematic (RTK) positioning by taking the advantages of the rapid geometric change of LEO satellites [9,10]
There are a few challenges in BeiDou-based LEO precise orbit determination (POD), including the BeiDou geostationary earth orbit (GEO) orbit error handliTnhgearne dartue nainfegwthcehpasleleundgoe-stionchBaesitDicopua-rbaamseedteLrsEdOuePOtoDd,isicnocnlutidniunigtythofetBheiBDeoiDu oGuEoObsoerbviattieornrso,r whhaincdhlainreg daisncdussteudniinngthtihs estupdsye.uIdnot-hstisocshecatsitoicn, tphaerathmeeotreyrsofdLuEeO tPoODdisiscobnrtieinfluyitiyntroofdutcheed.BeiDou observations, which are discussed in this study
Summary
Low-Earth-Obiter (LEO) satellites have been used widely for space applications such as gravity field measurement, high-resolution images, synthetic-aperture laser radar, and Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) radio occultation [1,2,3]. Some research has demonstrated that the LEO satellite signal augmentation method can dramatically reduce the convergence time of Precise Point Positioning (PPP) [8] as well as long-baseline real-time kinematic (RTK) positioning by taking the advantages of the rapid geometric change of LEO satellites [9,10]. It can improve the usability and reliability of the present Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) and supporting the Positioning Navigation Timing (PNT) systems as well as the space-based real-time Positioning, Navigation, Timing, Remote-sensing, and Communication (PNTRC) information service systems [11,12]. The optimal weighting strategy for BeiDou-based LEO POD as well as the optimal precise orbit determination strategy is investigated
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