Cassava genotypes selection for high yield and high starch content in advanced yield trials

Abstract

Increasing the cassava-based industry requires a large and continuous supply of tubers. Tuber production is increased with planting high yielding varieties with high starch content. This study aimed to select cassava genotypes obtained from open pollination among parents showing high yield and starch content in the advanced yield trial (AYT) stage. The experiment was carried out at Muneng research station (Probolinggo District, East Java, Indonesia) using randomized complete block design with three replications and two planting seasons (2018 and 2019). The experiments used 24 cassava genotypes, including three varieties as a control (Adira 4, UJ 5, and Litbang UK 2). The cassava planted in 2018 was exposed to stress due to drought, while in 2019, the plants received optimal water availability. During the drought stress, the attack of red mite (Tetranycus sp) negatively correlated with tuber yield. In optimal water conditions, the symptoms of red mite attack are low. Based on the combined analysis of variance, genotype × growing season interaction affected plant height at six months, and at ten months for tuber yield, starch content, and starch yield. Among the clones tested, OMM 1207-22 produced the highest tubers yield with an average of 47.5 t·ha-1 in the two growing seasons, with the starch yield, was equivalent to 8.89 t·ha-1, significantly higher compared with the Litbang UK 2 variety (average tubers yield 41.5 t·ha-1, starch yield 7.40 t·ha-1,). Also, 13 genotypes produced starch ranging from 6.49 t·ha-1 to 8.33 t·ha-1.