Cased-Hole Completions Without Perforating Eliminate Risks

Abstract

Perforating is a double-edged sword for well completions in unconsolidated formations. Perforations open conduits for hydrocarbon flow from the formation to the wellbore. But the perforating process can cause damage to the formation and result in excessive debris, posing operational risk and impairment to well productivity. As a result of a joint industry project (JIP) formed in 2002, a new technology has been developed and field tested that installs a liner and sand control completion in a single trip while eliminating explosive perforation charges and associated risks. The Enterprise One-Trip Sand Control/Liner Hanger Completion system was developed by a JIP that included three major operators, a large service provider, and a small technology company. The fact that the technology was taken from concept to successful field-installation readiness in just 22 months illustrates that when operators and service/technology providers are committed to a common goal, technology uptake in the E&P business can proceed quickly. Perforating Risk Factors Perforating poses operational risks for operators in unconsolidated formations. Additionally, the perforating process can jeopardize well productivity by reducing the area open to flow and damaging the formation. Generally, well productivity is directly related to the area of flow through a perforation tunnel. The greater the area of flow, the greater the well productivity. Entry-hole diameter and shot density impact flow area. Perforation debris in the perforation tunnel can block the available flow area, as can fractured and compacted zones and broken pieces of formation. The flow restriction caused by crushed zonal rock can also increase skin values, particularly over the life of the well.