Carbon Dioxide Capture From Internal Combustion Engine Exhaust Using Temperature Swing Adsorption

Shivom Sharma,François Maréchal

doi:10.3389/fenrg.2019.00143

Shivom Sharma, François Maréchal

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3389/fenrg.2019.00143

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Abstract

Abstract: In order to reduce the CO2 emissions in the transportation sector, one can electrify the vehicle, switch to biofuel, or capture and store CO2 on board. In this study, integration of an on board CO2 capture and storage unit with an internal combustion engine has been proposed. The technology can be applied for various internal combustion or Stirling engines with targeted applications in the transportation sector. Truck transport for goods delivery is used as an example for on board CO2 capture and storage system design. The investigated system integrates a temperature swing adsorption system for CO2 capture with a turbo-compressor system to compress and liquefy the captured CO2 using the waste heat of the exhaust gases of the engine. Energy and exergy analyses of the proposed CO2 captured system are studied in details. The CO2 capture system for engine exhaust stream (car, truck, bus, ship or train) can capture 90% of the emitted CO2, without any energy penalty. This system can be integrated into overall mobility system (fuel-engine-CO2-fuel), where captured CO2 can be recycled as conventional liquid or gaseous fuels produced from renewable energy sources. Keywords: Carbon Dioxide Capture; Internal Combustion Engine; Exergy Analysis; Temperature Swing Adsorption; System Design and Integration; Heat Exchanger Network.

Highlights

Among the challenges of the energy transition, reducing CO2 emissions of the transportation sector is one of the most difficult
Fossil fuels are a finite resource, they should be replaced by bio-based fuel equivalent
Part of the mechanical power produced by organic Rankine cycle is used to generate cold utility using CO2-based heat pump

Summary

INTRODUCTION

Among the challenges of the energy transition, reducing CO2 emissions of the transportation sector is one of the most difficult. Part of the mechanical power produced by organic Rankine cycle is used to generate cold utility using CO2-based heat pump (turbo-compressor 1) This cold utility is used to remove heat of adsorption, and condense the water from engine exhaust stream. CO2 based Rankine cycle (160 and 75 bar) is used to extract heat from the exhaust gas stream, and to produce the mechanical power in a turbine. This mechanical power is used in CO2 based heat pump (75 and 50 bar) to generate cold utility for removing heat of adsorption from bed and precooling of bed from desorption temperature to adsorption temperature. By using waste heat available in the engine exhaust stream and cooling system

CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE WORKS

Findings

DATA AVAILABILITY STATEMENT