Candidiasis management: current status of allopathic drugs and utility of coriander-based oil-less emulsions

Abstract

Candidiasis (also known as thrush and moniliasis) is the most common, multifactorial, and opportunistic yeast infection which causes severe damage to the mucosal tissues of tongue and mouth. Candida albicans is the notable fungus causing the candidiasis in both animal and human. Moreover, this fungus is capable of forming a difficult-to-treat biofilm structure over the mucosal tissues of tongue and mouth. Allopathic drugs in solid, liquid, parenteral and topical gels are prescribed in the oral candidiasis conditions. The plant material-based formulations did not explore much especially to disturb the biofilm structure formed by this fungus. The present review accentuates firstly the causes together with various types of candidiasis, secondly the use of different allopathic drugs in conjunction with their side effects and thirdly the performance demonstration of oil-less emulsion prepared based on hydroxyethyl cellulose, eutectic forming excipients, coriander seed/ extract and non-ionic surfactant to manage the oral candidiasis condition.