Abstract
The Web of Things (WoT) has recently appeared as the latest evolution of the Internet of Things and, as the name suggests, requires that devices interoperate through the Internet using Web protocols and standards. Currently, only a few theoretical approaches have been presented by researchers and industry, to fight the fragmentation of the IoT world through the adoption of semantics. This further evolution is known as Semantic WoT and relies on a WoT implementation crafted on the technologies proposed by the Semantic Web stack. This article presents a working implementation of the WoT declined in its Semantic flavor through the adoption of a shared ontology for describing devices. In addition to that, the ontology includes patterns for dynamic interactions between devices, and therefore we define it as dynamic ontology. A practical example will give a proof of concept and overall evaluation, showing how the dynamic setup proposed can foster interoperability at information level allowing on the one hand smart discovery, enabling on the other hand orchestration and automatic interaction through the semantic information available.
Highlights
C OINED in 1999 by Ashton [1], the Internet of Things (IoT) is characterized by the pervasive presence of smart co-operating devices that fulfill tasks belonging to very different application domains (Asin and Gascon [2] counted more than 50)
IoT, Web of Things (WoT), and SWoT, comply with this vision: users, both machines and humans, will be discovering the Semantic Web Thing environment (SWTE) looking for Web Things because they want to use them in order to achieve something
The deletion of static resources, on the contrary, is more rare, and we do not count it, as it has to be made on explicit request by the system maintainer. This is an interesting result, even though no graph level security and privacy mechanisms have yet been implemented. By extrapolation from this example, one can notice that the SWOT ontology requires from the device the capability of dealing with U updates, linearly increasing with the number of interaction patterns (IPs); and with S subscriptions, whose minimum number increases linearly on IPs, and whose actual number depends on the application logic involved
Summary
C OINED in 1999 by Ashton [1], the Internet of Things (IoT) is characterized by the pervasive presence of smart co-operating devices that fulfill tasks belonging to very different application domains (Asin and Gascon [2] counted more than 50). We propose an ontology for the SWoT This ontology, named SWOT, realizes a high-level abstraction of the devices taking part in a smart application and of their capabilities leveraging the concept of thing description proposed for the WoT by Charpenay et al [9]. Along with the main contribution we propose a framework, named Cocktail, which is a practical realization of both static and dynamic ontological concepts It is made for the fast and automatic prototyping of software agents, and will allow us to provide a proof of concept of how it is possible to build a SWoT environment and orchestrate it. 2) Such representation, carefully refined after a comparison with the ontology proposed by Serena et al [22], was extended to support the Semantic Web Thing interaction (see Section IV) in addition to discovery. To enhance readability of the tables, listings, and figures, the SPARQL prefixes used in this article are reported in Appendix C
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
