Abstract
Yandang (also known as Yandangshan) Mountain in Yueqing City, Zhejiang Province, at 27°50′～28°30′ N and 120°27′～120°41′ E, with a total area of 450 square kilometers, is tectonically located in the eastern Cathaysia Block. It is famous for its grotesque topography and beautiful scenery. It is not only historically known as the "No. 1 Mountain in Southeast China", but also called the "Natural Museum" by Chinese and foreign geologists. In 2005, UNESCO Global Geoparks Council announced in Paris that Yandang Mountain was selected as a Global Geopark. Before the 1980s, Yandang Mountain did not receive much attention from geologists. It was not until the 1990s that Yandang Mountain indeed came into the eyes of science, and in-depth research was conducted extensively. However, most of the studies at that time focused on the higher altitude areas of Yandang Mountain, namely, on the volcanic rock areas, while insufficient studies were done on the basal area of the mountain. The reason for this may be that the surface of basal mountain rocks is usually covered with a layer of black oxide, fluvial and alluvial materials, without distinct outcrops. Therefore, they are often overlooked and mistaken for volcanic rocks. With the in-depth development and road reshaping of this world geopark, more and more roadcut rocks are beginning to be exposed in front of our eyes. Previous studies show that Yandang Mountain is a typical caldera erupted from late Mesozoic rhyolitic magma on the southeastern coast of China. Volcanic eruption was initiated in the Hauterivian Stage of the Cretaceous about 130 million years ago, which developed an amazing variety of the Cretaceous rhyolite landforms1 .
Published Version
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