Abstract
Plants are vulnerable to a number of abiotic and biotic stresses that cause a substantial decrease in the production of plants. Plants respond to different environmental stresses by experiencing a series of molecular and physiological changes coordinated by various phytohormones. The use of phytohormones to alleviate stresses has recently achieved increasing interest. Brassinosteroids (BRs) are a group of polyhydroxylated steroidal phytohormones that are required for the development, growth, and productivity of plants. These hormones are involved in regulating the division, elongation, and differentiation of numerous cell types throughout the entire plant life cycle. BR studies have drawn the interest of plant scientists over the last few decades due to their flexible ability to mitigate different environmental stresses. BRs have been shown in numerous studies to have a positive impact on plant responses to various biotic and abiotic stresses. BR receptors detect the BR at the cell surface, triggering a series of phosphorylation events that activate the central transcription factor (TF) Brassinazole-resistant 1 (BZR1), which regulates the transcription of BR-responsive genes in the nucleus. This review discusses the discovery, occurrence, and chemical structure of BRs in plants. Furthermore, their role in the growth and development of plants, and against various stresses, is discussed. Finally, BR signaling in plants is discussed.
Highlights
Plants are exposed to a wide range of biotic and abiotic stresses throughout their life cycle and need to constantly regulate their physiological and developmental processes for responding to numerous internal and external stimuli [1]
Various biotic and abiotic stresses significantly contribute to major global crop production losses by primarily influencing the stress tolerance/adaptive ability of plants [2]
Brassinosteroids (BRs) are an important group of plant hormones involved in regulating plant growth and development, and they help plants to adapt to the environment [7]
Summary
Plants are exposed to a wide range of biotic and abiotic stresses throughout their life cycle and need to constantly regulate their physiological and developmental processes for responding to numerous internal and external stimuli [1]. Phytohormones have been widely considered as the natural activators for plant growth and development. They maintain healthy life in plants, and play an essential role in defense mechanisms against various stresses [5]. Brassinosteroids (BRs) are an important group of plant hormones involved in regulating plant growth and development, and they help plants to adapt to the environment [7]. The role of BRs in plant growth and development, and against various kinds of stresses, is discussed.
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
