Abstract
Osteoporosis and Parkinson's disease (PD) are two important age-related diseases, which have an influence on pain, physical activity, disability, and mortality. The aim of this research was to study the parameters of bone mineral density (BMD), frequency, and 10-year probability of osteoporotic fractures (OFs) in females with Parkinson's disease (PD). We have examined 113 postmenopausal women aged 50–74 years old which were divided into 2 groups (I, control group (CG), n = 53 and II, subjects with PD, n = 60). Bone mineral density of lumbar spine, femoral neck, distal radius, and total body were measured, and quantity and localization of vertebral deformities were performed by the vertebral fracture assessment (VFA). Ten-year probability of OFs was assessed by Ukrainian version of FRAX®. It was established that BMD of lumbar spine, femoral neck, distal radius, and total body in PD women was reliably lower compared to CG. The frequency of OFs in PD subjects was higher compared to CG (51.7 and 11.3%, respectively) with prevalence of vertebral fractures (VFs) in women with PD (52.6% among all fractures). 47.4% of the females had combined VFs: 74.2% of VFs were in thoracic part of the spine and 73.7% were wedge ones. Ten-year probability of major OFs and hip fracture were higher in PD women compared to CG with and without BMD measurements. Inclusion of PD in the FRAX calculation increased the requirement of antiosteoporotic treatment from 5 to 28% (without additional examination) and increased the need of additional BMD measurement from 50 to 68%. Anterior/posterior vertebral height ratios (Th8-Th11) measured by VFA in PD females without confirmed vertebral deformities were lower compared to indices of CG. In conclusion, women with PD have lower BMD indices, higher rate of osteoporosis, and risk of future low-energy fractures that should be taken into account in the assessment of their osteoporosis risk and clinical management.
Highlights
Osteoporosis and Parkinson’s disease (PD) are both agerelated diseases which have a great impact on morbidity and mortality. eir frequency increases with age progressively and their combination can aggravate their own courses
We have studied bone mineral density (BMD), frequency, and 10year probability of osteoporotic fractures in 113 postmenopausal females aged 50–74 years who were divided into groups concerning PD presence. e women from both groups did not differ significantly in parameters of age and main anthropometrical parameters (height: 1.58 ± 0.05 and 1.59 ± 0.07 m, t 1.20; P 0.23; weight: 72.58 ± 10.58 and 70.58 ± 13.20 kg, t 0.88; P 0.38; body mass index (BMI): 29.07 ± 4.43 and 27.32 ± 5.70, kg/m2, t 1.81; P 0.07, )
Analysis of BMD indices revealed that all dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) parameters were significantly lower in PD females compared to similar indices in control group regardless of the localization of the measurement. us, lumbar spine BMD parameters were 0.97 ± 0.32 and 1.09 ± 0.13 g/cm2, respectively (t 3.64; P < 0.001), femoral neck BMD indices were 0.78 ± 0.13 and 0.86 ± 0.11 g/cm2 (t 4.28; P < 0.001), and total body BMD indices were 1.02 ± 0.13 and 1.09 ± 0.08 g/cm2, (t 3.20; P < 0.01, Table 1)
Summary
Osteoporosis and Parkinson’s disease (PD) are both agerelated diseases which have a great impact on morbidity and mortality. eir frequency increases with age progressively and their combination can aggravate their own courses. Eir frequency increases with age progressively and their combination can aggravate their own courses. Some recent reviews confirmed the progressive bone loss [1,2,3,4,5] and increased risk of the pain, disability and lowenergy fractures [6,7,8,9] in females with PD; the exact mechanisms of osteoporosis and its consequences in PD subjects are unclear. Current studies demonstrate the lower indices of bone mineral density (BMD) in patients with PD; these data are contradictory and depends on sex, ethnic, and other features [1,2,3,4,5]. Vertebral fractures are crucial complication of systemic osteoporosis in PD patients [7, 9]. Similar studies in the patients with PD are absent
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