Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA), which is contained in numerous plastic products, is known to act as an endocrine-disruptive, toxic, and carcinogenic chemical. This experimental series sought to determine the influence of BPA exposure on the femoral bone architecture and biomechanical properties of male and female Wistar rats. BPA was applied subcutaneously by using osmotic pumps. After 12 weeks, the bones were analyzed by micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) and a three-point bending test. Comparing the female low- and high-dose groups, a significantly greater marrow area (p = 0.047) was identified in the group exposed to a higher BPA concentration. In addition, the trabecular number tended to be higher in the female high-dose group when compared to the low-dose group (p > 0.05). The area moment of inertia also tended to be higher in the male high-dose group when compared to the male low-dose group (p > 0.05). Considering our results, BPA-related effects on the bone morphology in female Wistar rats are osteoanabolic after high-dose exposure, while, in male rats, a tendency toward negative effects on the bone morphology in terms of a reduced cross-sectional cortical area and total area could be demonstrated.
Highlights
Bisphenol A (BPA) is one of the most frequently produced chemical compounds worldwide, and it is a harmful substance for the human organism, which is why it is part of the American National Toxicology Program and the subject of numerous studies [1]
18 healthy male and 16 female rats were kept under controlled conditions for 12 weeks in an animal facility to reveal any effects of continuous intraperitoneal application of low and high dosages of bisphenol A on bone morphology and biomechanics
We found a significantly greater bone marrow area in female rats after high-dose BPA
Summary
Bisphenol A (BPA) is one of the most frequently produced chemical compounds worldwide, and it is a harmful substance for the human organism, which is why it is part of the American National Toxicology Program and the subject of numerous studies [1]. BPA is part of the synthesis of various plastic polymers, polycarbonates, and epoxy resins [5]. Humans are in constant and close contact with this chemical, especially because BPA can be found in many food products through the wrapping and canning as part of the packaging process [5,6]. BPA acts as an endocrine-disruptive chemical and has antiandrogenic effects. It binds to estrogen receptors (ER alpha and beta) and interacts with estrogen related pathways [9,10,11]
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