Biosphere ideas of V.I. Vernadskyi as theoretical fundament of agricultural ecology

Abstract

The article presents the main features of the scientific heritage of Academician V.I. Vernadsky and his scientific and organizational role in the formation of agricultural science in Ukraine is given. It is noted that the history of agricultural science pays the greatest attention to the participation of the scientist in the development of soil science and research affair in Ukraine. The future academician took an active part in the study of the soils of Poltava region in the expeditions of 1882–1890 under the leadership of V.V. Dokuchaev, who was his lecturer at St. Petersburg University. In 1918, with his efforts, the Agricultural Scientist (later Scientific) Committee of Ukraine was created, which became the forerunner of the modern National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine. World science recognizes in his works a fundamental understanding of the biosphere and noosphere, as well as the formation of modern scientific fields in geology, geochemistry, hydrogeochemistry, radiogeology, philosophy, organization of sciences. The scientist had a rare gift to synthesize various facts, getting a completely new idea, a new law of nature, a new direction in science. We are considering the methodological parallels in doctrines of agrosphere by O.O. Sozinov and of noosphere by V.I. Vernadsky. The significance of separate laws of the biosphere V.I. Vernadskyis investigated in the functioning of the agrosphere. The significant agroecological significance of the laws of causation in the biosphere and noosphere, the unity of all parts of the biosphere, the mechanism of biogeochemical cycles of chemical elements as a basis for the organization and dynamic equilibrium of natural systems are revealed. We summarized the directions of domestic agroecology, which are based on the fundamental biosphere laws of biogeochemical functions and zoning of the biosphere, biogenic migration of chemical elements, radioactivity of the territories, revealed by V.I. Vernadsky are generalized. Applied aspects of gas, oxygen, reduction, concentration and respiratory biogeochemical functions of the biosphere are actively studied in modern crop and animal husbandry. It is noted that promising areas of agricultural ecology can be scientific ideas V.I. Vernadsky on philosophy and scientific methodology, biomass and chemical composition of living matter, endemic morbidity of living organisms, hydrogeochemical zonation of waters, natural radioactivity, modeling of biosphere processes.