Abstract
The extensive industrial use of plastics causes serious environmental problems. In order to solve this, scientists have concentrated on developing composites that are environmentally sustainable through the integration of nanofillers with bio-based components. These bio-nanocomposites, with significant potential in health, agriculture, energy, and environmental applications, offer a viable alternative to conventional plastics. In the field of medicine, bio-nanocomposites, owing to their unique properties and functionalities, find extensive applications in tissue culture, wound healing, and drug delivery. Also, bio-nanocomposites have the ability to support sustainable agriculture while enhancing crop yields. Additionally, due to their enhanced conductivity and environmentally beneficial components, bio-nanocomposites stimulate innovations in energy storage and renewable energy technology. Furthermore, the bio-nanocomposites provide environmentally friendly options for remediation and pollution management. This review explores the diverse applications of nanocomposite and bio-nanocomposite materials across healthcare, agriculture, energy storage and environment sectors and discusses strategies for enhancing their features to suit specific applications.
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