Biomass production and nutritional quality of potato tuber as affected by blended fertilizer (NPSB), cattle manure, vermicompost and mineral NP in southwestern Ethiopia

Isreal Zewide,Sanjay Singh,Henoc Kassa

doi:10.14719/pst.2021.8.3.1048

Abstract

Keeping in view the declining soil fertility and people’s nutritional issues, a research experiment on potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) was carried out in Belg (February to May) and Meher (June to October) seasons of 2020 at Abelo in Masha district, southwestern Ethiopia, to gauge the effects of blended mineral NPSB fertilizer, cattle manure (CM), vermicompost (VC) and mineral NP on growth, biomass and tuber nutritional quality. The fertilizer treatments consisted of 7.5 t CM ha-1 + 75 and 50% of recommended dose of NP fertilizers (RDF), 7.5 t VC ha-1 + 75, 50 and 25% of NP, 5 t VC ha-1 + 75% NP, 100 kg NPSB ha-1 + 61.5 kg P ha-1 + 146 kg N ha-1, 150 kg NPSB ha-1 + 53.7 kg P ha-1 + 138 kg N ha-1, 200 kg NPSB ha-1 + 46 kg P ha-1 + 128 kg N ha-1, 100% of NP (165 kg N ha-1 + 60 kg P ha-1) and one no-fertilizer treatment (control) making a total of 11 treatments. The effects of the treatments indicated that the application of 75% of NP and 7.5 t ha-1 vermicompost significantly increased the plant height, dry shoot and root yields, specific gravity, total soluble solids and starch. On the other hand, the highest crude protein content was recorded at the application of 200 kg NPSB ha-1 + 46 kg P ha-1 + 128 kg N ha-1. It was summarized that the use of 7.5 t VC ha-1 + 75% of NP (124 kg N ha-1, and 45 kg P ha-1) increased the biomass and improved the quality of potato fetching high economic return over the sole application of either 200% mineral NPSB ha-1 or 150% mineral NPSB ha-1 or 100% NP or no-application of fertilizer in the study area. In the light of present findings, there is a need to extend these studies using multiple combination ratios of NPSB fertilizer with vermicompost and cattle manure on different soils of varied agro-climatic zones to come up with conclusive recommendations.

Highlights

Potato is a leading staple food in the world population and it is the second after maize in terms of the number of producer countries [1]
The fertilizer treatments consisted of 7.5 t cattle manure (CM) ha-1 + 75 and 50% of recommended dose of NP fertilizers (RDF), 7.5 t VC ha-1 + 75, 50 and 25% of NP, 5 t VC ha-1 + 75% NP, 100 kg NPSB ha-1 + 61.5 kg P ha-1 + 146 kg N ha-1, 150 kg NPSB ha-1 + 53.7 kg P ha-1 + 138 kg N ha-1, 200 kg NPSB ha-1 + 46 kg P ha-1 + 128 kg N ha-1, 100% of NP (165 kg N ha-1 + 60 kg P ha-1) and one nofertilizer treatment making a total of 11 treatments
Fertilizer management treatment indicated that 75% mineral NP + 7.5 t VC ha-1 attained significantly delayed 50% flowering taking 68 days in Belg and 71 days in Meher pushing 70% maturity to 104 and 112 days, whereas the shortest days to flowering were counted to be 61 days in both seasons for the control treatment

Summary

Introduction

Potato is a leading staple food in the world population and it is the second after maize in terms of the number of producer countries [1]. Farmers produce different crops like enset, maize, wheat, barley, bean, pea, coffee, haricot bean and fruits and vegetables Among vegetables such as potato, onion, cabbage, beet root, tomato and carrot; potato is the dominant vegetable crop whereas, fruit crops such as papaya, mango, avocado and coffee are important cash crops of smallscale farmers in the study area. In spite of such a substantial potential for potato production, the productivity is very low (13.8 t ha-1) as compared to the world average tuber yield of (19 t ha-1) [3].

Methods

Results

Conclusion