Abstract
The results of a field experiment to study the effect of seed treatment with the biological product Rhizoactive (сompany BioNorma, Ukraine) on the formation and functioning of the symbiotic apparatus of common bean (grain) plants are presented.
 The experiment examined six varieties of common beans (grain), included in the State Register of plant varieties suitable for distribution in Ukraine: Bukovynka, Halaktyka, Slaviia, Ros, Otrada, Nata. The influence of bacterial fertilizer based on nodule bacteria " Rhizoactive " on the indicators of symbiotic and grain productivity of these varieties of common beans was studied.
 It was found, that the maximum number and raw weight of active nodules in the studied varieties of common beans were formed in the flowering phase. A larger number of nodules, compared to the variety Bukovynka (control), was formed on the root system of bean varieties Ros, Otrada and Nata. The maximum raw weight of rhizobia in the plots without the use of Rhizoactive was formed by the common bean variety Otrada – 0.297 g/plant of active nodules. Inoculation of the seeds of the studied common bean varieties with Rhizoactive increased the raw weight of active nodules in the flowering phase by 0.016–0.042 g/plant. A larger mass of nodules, compared to the Bukovynka variety, was formed on the root system of Ros, Otrada and Nata beans. The maximum raw weight of rhizobia in areas without the use of Rhizoactive was formed by the variety of beans Otrada – 0.297 g/plant of active nodules. Inoculation of seeds of the studied varieties of beans with Rhizoactive increased the raw weight of active nodules in the flowering phase by 0.016–0.042 g/plant.
 The highest increase in grain yield from seed inoculation was obtained in 2018, which was more favorable in terms of moisture. Thus, the largest increase in grain yield from the use of Rhizoactive was provided by the varieties Halaktyka (0.14 t/ha or 5.7 %), Ros (0.15 t/ha or 5.5 %) and Otrada (0.22 t/ha or 7.7 %). On average, in 2018–2020, inoculation of bean seeds with Rhizoactive, depending on the variety, provided an increase in grain yield from 2.4 to 6.7 %. And the highest level of bean grain yield on average in 2018–2020 was provided by the varieties Otrada (2.60 t/ha), Nata (2.50 t/ha) and Ros (2.40 t/ha) for inoculation of seeds with Rhizoactive
Highlights
In Ukraine, in 2020, beans are the most expensive legume crop and the only legume for which the acreage has grown [1]
As a result of our research, it was found, that the number of active nodules increased from the formation of the third trifoliate leaf to flowering, and from flowering to grain formation there was a decrease in their number
Dynamics of the number of active nodules depending on bacterization of seeds of varieties of common beans, pcs/plant
Summary
In Ukraine, in 2020, beans are the most expensive legume crop and the only legume for which the acreage has grown [1]. It is necessary to increase the yield of (2021), «EUREKA: Life Sciences» Number 5 common beans, primarily through the use of new varieties and improvements in the fertilizer system [2,3,4,5,6,7,8]. To improve the nitrogen nutrition of bean plants (as well as other legumes) is possible by enhancing the symbiotic nitrogen fixation of nodule bacteria, which requires inoculation of seeds with microbial preparations, containing more active strains of microorganisms [12,13,14,15,16]. Resowing inoculation of seeds with Rhizobophyte, which contains symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacteria of the genus Rhizobium phaseoli, promotes the appearance of nodules, their greater number, mass and activity of nitro [22, 23]
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