Abstract
The growing demand for electricity, caused by dynamic economic growth, leads to a decrease in the available non-renewable energy resources constituting the foundation of global power generation. A search for alternative sources of energy that can support conventional energy technologies utilizing fossil fuels is not only of key significance for the power industry but is also important from the point of view of environmental conservation and sustainable development. Plant biomass, with its specific chemical structure and high calorific value, is a promising renewable source of energy which can be utilized in numerous conversion processes, enabling the production of solid, liquid, and gaseous fuels. Methods of thermal biomass conversion include pyrolysis, i.e., a process allowing one to obtain a multifunctional product known as biochar. The article presents a review of information related to the broad uses of carbonization products. It also discusses the legal aspects and quality standards applicable to these materials. The paper draws attention to the lack of uniform legal and quality conditions, which would allow for a much better use of biochar. The review also aims to highlight the high potential for a use of biochar in different environments. The presented text attempts to emphasize the importance of biochar as an alternative to classic products used for energy, environmental and agricultural purposes.
Highlights
In recent years, biochar and the wide range of its possible applications have been extensively investigated by researchers worldwide
Biochar Initiative (IBI), biochar is a fine-grained product of carbonization, characterized by a high content of organic carbon and low susceptibility to degradation, which is obtained through the pyrolysis of biomass and biodegradable waste [1]
This review presents an interdisciplinary approach to the biochar a high carbon material and the same time cheap in production and generally topic of as the importance of biochar inatenvironmental, legal aspects of its application andavailable quality for application
Summary
Biochar and the wide range of its possible applications have been extensively investigated by researchers worldwide. Biochar Initiative (IBI), biochar is a fine-grained product of carbonization, characterized by a high content of organic carbon and low susceptibility to degradation, which is obtained through the pyrolysis of biomass and biodegradable waste [1] It is produced from organic matter as a result of pyrolysis, a process which is carried out in the absence of oxygen. The use of biochemical processes seems reasonable when biomass contains large amounts of water One type of such transformation is alcoholic fermentation, which allows carbohydrates to be broken down under anaerobic conditions with the addition of yeasts. The authors emphasize relevant parameters of pyrolysis in order to of the reactor, rate of and material duration and of the at time the ultimate increase the utility oftemperature biochar as aincrease, high carbon at process the same cheap intemperature. Biochar in environmental, legal aspects of its application and quality standards
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