Abstract
The previous chapters have focused on the production of fuels by a variety of processes from fossil fuel feedstocks and also from nonfossil fuel feedstocks. This leads to the concept by which fuels might be produced from nonfossil fuel feedstocks in a central location such as in tandem (on-site) with the production of crude oil–based products or, as may be the case in the future, in a refinery solely dedicated to the conversion of, say, biomass-type feedstocks only. This has already commenced insofar as the application of biotechnology to refinery processes had been advocated. The thinking behind the concept of the biorefinery is, in essence, the creation of a system for a variety of fuels that are not based on crude oil which, under this all-encompassing umbrella, would lead to the production of gaseous, liquid, and solid fuels.
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