Abstract
With the accelerated process of urbanization and traffic development, especially the urban rail transit system’s great improvement, Park-and-Ride provides an effective mode for trips between suburbs and downtown. In this research, online and field survey is carried out on the use of Park-and-Ride facilities. Analyses are conducted on personal attributes containing gender, age, and income; the travel characteristics such as driving time during departing from origin to parking lot, parking duration, transfer mode, transfer walking time and waiting time, and transfer times; Park-and-Ride users’ intentions concerned walking time, waiting time, and time looking for parking space; and reasons for Park-and-Ride trip mode not be chosen. On the basis of decomposition for travel procedures, impedance models for different trip modes including public transport, private car, and Park-and-Ride are built and then the multinomial logit model for choice probability of trip modes and Park-and-Ride demand model is established. After further analysis on the survey data, calibrations and tests for the impedance models above are performed. Finally, a case is shown to demonstrate application of the proposed model.
Highlights
With the accelerated process of urbanization, the resident space is gradually extended to suburbs
Aimed at P&R users, the intentions including reasons for choosing P&R, attention on P&R, the feelings of crowding degree in public transport, attitudes on walking time, waiting time, and the time looking for parking space are investigated in the third part
The reasons for choosing P&R, attention on P&R, feelings of crowding degree in public transport, attitudes on walking time, waiting time, and the time looking for parking space for P&R users are investigated, which provides basic data for the proposed model
Summary
With the accelerated process of urbanization, the resident space is gradually extended to suburbs. They proved that, at equilibrium, the variable travel cost per unit distance on the highway was not higher than that on the railway along the corridor.[8] Yun et al.[14] performed revealed preference (RP) and SP surveys of car drivers’ and public passengers’ mode choice behaviors in typical P&R transfer station in Shanghai and established two individual binary logit models for P&R under smooth traffic state and congested state He et al.[15] did an onsite face-to-face survey in Nanjing, China. It is namely that travelers’ preference on trip modes including P&R, private car, and public transport could be acquired by contrasting the impedance values
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