Abstract
On-street parking is an urgent issue to address in a fast-growing city of a developing country, such as Yogyakarta City in Indonesia. However, this issue has not been satisfactorily studied due to a lack of relevant parking data. Using a sample of 21 street segments that are currently used for on-street parking in the central district of the city, this study analyzes how the parking duration and demand are differentiated by street and land use characteristics. The characteristics are evaluated through a field survey, which is supplemented by remote sensing and GIS. Specifically, QuickBird imagery is used to roughly examine the length and angle of the street segments and GIS data to calculate parking capacity and demand as well as to confirm the street length and angle. Regression models find that the parking duration is affected by the street length, parking volume, and commercial type of land use, while the street length also differentiates the parking demand. Although the model for the parking demand has only one significant variable—street length—its variation is better accounted for by the same set of variables than the variation in the parking duration. Regarding the street length, it is found to be the only significant variable in the demand model, but it becomes the weakest among those significant in the duration model, where the land use type has the highest magnitude.
Highlights
Yogyakarta City is the capital of the Special Region of Yogyakarta; this province is located in the central part of Java Island
Despite its considerable impact on the traffic congestion and safety, on-street parking has not been duly investigated mainly because of data limitations [6] and it was so in major cities in developing countries like Indonesia; often, naturally originated on-street parking is not considered in comprehensive transportation plans
This study, using a case of Yogyakarta City, explored the potential of remote sensing imagery in identifying the demand and volume of on-street parking and in analyzing how they are affected by several street and land use characteristics
Summary
The numbers of registered motorcycles and passenger cars increased for three years (2012–2015) by 20.12% (from 45,410 to 54,546) and 17.41% (340,350 to 399,615), respectively [1] This subsequently resulted in a skyrocketing demand for parking spaces. On-street parking became overloaded, and it reduced traffic safety, air quality (narrowed streets worsened traffic congestion), and public space; it is believed to harm the economic potential of the city [2]. At this juncture, as an initial step to address the parking issue, this study attempts to analyze the characteristics of on-street parking.
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