Bödewadt Flow and Heat Transfer in Nanofluid over a Permeable and Radially Stretching Disk

Abstract

A Bödewadt boundary layer flow and heat transfer problem in nanofluid was investigated in this study for suction/injection as well as combined effects of suction/injection and radial stretching disk. Similarity variables were introduced to transform the three-dimensional flow into a system of ordinary differential equations. Moreover, similar to the Bödewadt heat transfer problem in a viscous fluid, adequate suction is also required so that similarity solutions exist for nanofluid problems with no other boundary effects such as a partial slip or stretching disk. Both the suction and stretching disk effects can suppress the natural oscillatory behavior of flow apart from reducing the momentum and thermal boundary layer thicknesses. As expected, injection acts oppositely. However, the skin friction coefficient and heat transfer rate for Bödewadt flow increase with the increasing suction and stretching parameters. As for stagnant disk, increasing the nanoparticle volume fraction can enhance the wall shear stress, whereas nanofluid can only enhance the heat transfer when both the suction and nanoparticle volume fraction are sufficiently small. For radially stretching disk, both the local skin friction coefficient and local Nusselt number increase as the nanoparticle volume fraction increases. However, for larger suction, a smaller volume fraction of nanoparticles yielded enhanced heat transfer than the larger volume fraction of nanoparticles.